أرشيف الوسم: معمار

Some may ask, “What is the value of this project?” Why do some people bother to call for its preservation and the prevention of its demolition? Some activists, such as Arch. Dema Ak Ghunaim, Arch. Dalal Al Hashash, Dr. Aseel Al Ragam, Dr. Mohamad AL Jassar, Dr. Hassan Ashkanani and others, led the efforts to overturn the government’s decision. In this article, I will try to enumerate a few points that may play a part in convincing the decision makers and the public opinion to preserve the project and rehabilitate it:

1- Some may see the project as an ugly, unworthy structure. However, the concept of beauty and utility changes over time. What we see as ugly today may be seen as beautiful in the eyes of the future generation. Moreover, what we see as useless the future generation may find ways to utilize it wisely.

2- Al Sawaber represents the spirit of a prominent period of the country and carries part of the history of Kuwait. It is a civil and cultural landmark that carries the marks of the eighties period, which is characterized as the development and growth period.

3- Regardless of the quality of the design and our opinions about the success or failure of the project, the project used to house a large number of families. Many people spent an important period of their lives within its boundaries. As such, this compound carries memories and meanings. The value of spaces derives from the events that occurred in them. Cities in general make up their values from the sum of these memory-charged spaces.

4-We need to note that the project has an architectural value; it is a landmark that was designed by a world-renowned Canadian Architect Arthur Erikson. Despite our variable opinions about the success of the design, it is considered an architectural experiment that sought to react to the local environment of Kuwait and its special social requirements. Thus, it is crucial that this project be saved to allow the specialists to evaluate in the future.

5-Such mega projects expend huge human efforts. As the process of planning, designing, constructing and handing over must have taken prolonged periods, deciding to demolish the project will waste all those valuable times that went into the realization of the project.

6-The world today and more than ever is keen on protecting historic buildings and rehabilitating them rather than demolishing and rebuilding. As such practices play a role in the protection of the environment and saving the waste of resources and materials, advanced nations protect the environment and take decisions that reflect their integrity in honoring their commitment to the environment.

7-Before we demolish Al Sawaber, we should review the economic and financial impact of such an act. We should study whether the rehabilitation of the project could be feasible and more attractive. As far as the investors are concerned, this is the most important factor. Why don’t we evaluate alternatives and test them financially, and invite investors and real estate developers to compete on proposing alternative models in order to take our decisions based on accurate information?

8- From an urban point of view, the project has a potential to become an additional value to Kuwait City. It can become a mixed-use development model that houses living, working and entertainment spaces. It can provide alternative venues for the small business and the creative classes who seek an alternative lifestyle. Kuwait City lacks diversity and is filled with the repetition of the same banal commercial model that adds very little to the overall built environment of Kuwait City.

In conclusion, it is dangerous to swiftly take such crucial decisions. Let us be aware of the over confidence that what we are proposing will be better than what currently exists. Let us study the project thoroughly. We have qualified professionals and smart developers who are able to create opportunities, which we can currently benefit from and for the future generations as well.

Time passes over cities and leaves its impact on people and buildings alike. Time is relative, and its impact varies from one location to another. Similarly, science and technology impact the notion of time and affect the way people live everywhere. Life in the country differs from city life in terms of timing and the need for speed. In traditional societies, seasons govern the way people use space; and for Muslims, the five prayer times determine their daily activities.

With modernization and the changing nature of work, work became a routine; and the clock now rules the daily activities of people. Also, means of transport altered the way people view time. While in the past walking controlled how we perceived time, today the vehicle speed organizes how people communicate.

Additionally, the mobile phone revolutionized communication.  It removed barriers from the public and private spheres. It canceled the notion of space completely. As such, people’s activities could take place anytime, anywhere; and as a result, the physical place lost its value completely.

Even buildings that used to be designed and built to last were designed carefully with attention to minute details that allow pedestrians to enjoy their elegant facades. Today, buildings are designed, built swiftly and expected to last for 40 years only. We no longer justify the need to supplement buildings with details as the fast-moving eyes can only notice their silhouettes.

Places and buildings carry traces of memories, meaning and history. Thus, world cities preserve historical sites and buildings. Cities act beyond that and also preserve modern buildings that carry architectural and historical significance. We can import stones and technology, but we can’t buy history, memory and meaning. Such intangible qualities carry the secrets of specificity, the chests of the past and the keys to the future.

We need to replant the value of place and time through the design of our cities, public spaces and architecture. The built environment determines the quality of the places we live in. When designed carefully, it can create a lively environment that brings us to reality and enriches our daily experiences.

يمرُّ الزمنُ على المدن تاركاً أثره على البشرِ والحجرِ، ولكنَّ الزمنَ نسبيٌّ وتأثيره يتفاوت من مكانٍ إلى آخر، ومن الملاحظ بأنَّ التغييرات العلمية والتقنية تُلقي آثاراً كبيرةً على مفهوم الزمن، كما تؤثر بشكلٍ مباشرٍ على حياةِ النَّاسِ في كلِّ مكانٍ، فالحياةُ في الرِّيف تختلفُ عن حياة المدينةِ من جهة التعارفِ على المواقيت والحاجة لسرعة الحركةِ، ففي المجتمعِ التقليديِّ كانتِ المواسمُ تحدِّد طبيعة استخدام المكان، وكانت مواقيتُ الصلاةِ بالنسبة للمسلمين تُقسِّمُ أنشطة اليوم.

ومعَ الحداثة وتغيُّر أنماطُ العمل، أصبحت طبيعةُ العمل روتينية، وغدتِ الساعةُ هي التي تحدد مواعيدَ الناسِ، وكذلك غيَّرت وسائل النقل من مفهوم الناس للزَّمن، فبعد أنْ كات سرعة المشي تحكم فَهْمَ الناسِ للزمن، أصبحت سرعةُ السيارةِ هي من ينظِّم طبيعة المواعيدِ بين الناس.

كذلك فإنَّ الهاتف النقال أحدث نقلةً كبيرةً في مجال التواصل، فقد عمل على إلغاء الحواجز بين الخاصِّ والعامِّ، بل يمكن القول أنَّه ألغى مفهوم المكان كليًاً، حيث أصبحت أنشطة الناس تتمَّ في أيِّ وقتٍ وأيِّ مكانٍ، وعلى ذلك فَقَدَ المكان الحقيقي قيمته.

حتى المباني العامة التي كانت في الماضي تُصمَّمُ وتُبْنَى لتبقى، إذ كانت تُصمَّم بعنايةٍ فائقةٍ وتفاصيلَ دقيقةٍ تُتِيح للماشي على قدميه أنْ يتمعنها بعنايةٍ، ويستمتعُ بواجهاتها، أمَّا اليوم أصبحت المباني تُصمَّم بسرعةٍ وتُبنى لتعيش أربعين سنة فقط، كما لم يَعُد من الضروري إثراؤها بالتفاصيل؛ وذلك لكون الإنسان المسرع من أمامها أو بعيداً عنها لن يتمكنَ إلا من رؤية شكلها العام.

إنَّ الأماكن والمباني تحمل الذاكرة والمعنى والتاريخ؛ لذلك تحرص المدن على المحافظة على الأماكن التراثية والمباني التاريخية، بل تتعدى ذلك إلى المحافظةِ على المباني الحديثة ذات القيمة المعمارية الفريدة والمميزة.

إننا بإمكاننا استيراد الحجر والتقنية، ولكننا لا يمكننا شراء التاريخ والذكريات والمعاني المتجذرة في الأرض، هذه فقط التي تحمل سر الخصوصية وصناديق الماضي ومفاتيح المستقبل.

لذا فنحن بحاجة لإعادة القيمة لمفهوم الزمان والمكان من خلال العناية بمدننا وأماكننا العامة ومبانينا؛ لأَّنَّها تصنع المكان الذي نحيا فيه، ومتى ما صُمِّمَت بعنايةٍ يمكنها أن تخلق بيئة غنية تعيدنا إلى عالم الواقع وتُثري تجربتا اليومية.

Kuwait as well as other GCC countries faced severe rainstorms that broke rainfall records and exceeded the capacities of stormwater networks. Further, extreme flooding on certain roads and urban areas caused tremendous damage to public and private properties and paralyzed movement and businesses, leading to direct and indirect financial losses of enormous scale. According to Kuwaiti officials, the damage resulted in 300 Million KD (1 billion USD) in damages.

Flowing and drifting stormwater carries a variety of microbes and bacteria as it reaches the shores of the gulf. In turn, this contamination leads to many environmental and health problems. The core problem is the geographic changes, the urban expansion, and construction — which covers wide areas of land. The covering of natural land with pavement, asphalt, buildings, and other civil structures also obstruct torrent movement and prevent natural soil from absorbing excess water.

The conventional solution is to construct wide networks, deep tunnels, and underground tanks at the cost of millions of dollars. However, this problem is more complex and requires a holistic solution to treat the underlying problems presented by stormwater. This holistic solution is based on three axes: social awareness, respect for the environment, and smart design.

Social awareness:

A smart city cannot be created without smart citizens. Smart citizens prioritize the protection of the natural environment. They are active and support governmental efforts to execute environmentally friendly projects.

The aware citizen — whether an individual or a member of a business — is law-abiding and does not pollute the network. In some cases, citizens may participate in the upkeep and cleaning of the infrastructure.

Respect the environment:

Smart cities respect the environment and intelligently integrate their infrastructure with the land’s unique characteristics in mind. Strategic decisions, such as the allocation of land for future cities, contain the natural terrain. Despite public and political pressures, some land must be left undeveloped. And so, respect for the environment entails understanding and acknowledging that development in some areas is untenable — regardless of these pressures.

Smart Design:

Establishing a smart city begins with a design concept based on accurate data and deep understanding of site, topography, and history. The form of the city and land-use distribution must fit with the natural land, its slopes, and torrent paths. Smart cities must allocate open spaces to collect stormwater and green land to allow the natural soil to absorb rainwater. Even walkways must be paved specifically to allow for the penetration of water to the ground. The same goes with landscaping which should use tree trenches and water ponds to collect water and allow it to be absorbed and infiltrated into the ground.

Smart city employees use the latest technology to monitor infrastructure and allocate failures into their systems. Today, the internet of things (IoT) is supported with geographic information systems that allow for smart monitoring of performance and efficient management of stormwater networks.

Architectural design can also work to contribute to the environment that it occupies. Today, most buildings are designed to push excess water toward roads and neighbors; this practice increases the pressure on the networks. Also, smart buildings use green roofs to collect water for future use, or at least, slow the flow of rainwater toward the network during storms to mitigate its negative impact during peak hours.

Cities can adapt to natural climate and become safe, comfortable places for residents to live. Although heavy rains present challenges to communities, it can also be transformed into a source of natural water. However, to meet these goals, we must raise awareness, respect the environment, and design our urban projects smartly.