أرشيف الوسم: mall

Kuwait was struck by the fire that broke out at the Al Mubarakiya Market (the main souq of Kuwait). The fire damaged a significant portion of the market and caused irreparable damage. This fire left another wound in Kuwait City, and we hope it can be repaired soon and in the best manner.

Currently, specialists and architects are concerned about how the government will approach repairing the fire damage. They are worried that the process will fall victim to state bureaucracy, neglect, and even worse, alternative schemes for the site, which will destroy what remains of the identity of this wounded city.

Kuwait City is the capital of a modern state with massive resources that have the potential to provide an outstanding urban model. This city’s many vital constituents could be the basis for a rich civil center. However, inadequate planning and ignorance led to its current deterioration.

The rich coastline and traditional ports are where many Kuwaitis previously built their livelihood around. They were not adequately preserved and or developed. Additionally, Kuwait City was initially divided into three distinct areas that could have been utilized to preserve the unique character of Kuwait. However, the modernization efforts have erased or covered over many of its landmarks.

The early master plans advocated preserving Kuwait City’s remaining historic buildings. These plans protected the densities from commercial uses. They also proposed the reduction of building heights. More importantly, the plans recommended the increase of housing within the city to create the desired land use balance.

However, with time and a lack of vision, Kuwait city saw a series of decisions that negatively impacted its character and left the city with chronic wounds. Such as:

• • • • • An early compulsive takeover led to the demolishment of the vast majority of traditional mud houses within the city boundary, destroying the city’s urban fabric.
        • The first ring road project, which gave priority to private vehicles, led to a highway that disconnected the city and lowered its accessibility.
        • During the last few years, we saw a series of decisions that prompted the demolishing of various modern architectural landmarks with a unique architectural and historical value, such as (the Al Hambra Cinema, Al Sawaber complex skating ring, lately the Justice Palace, and others.
        • In addition, the negligence of large areas of open unutilized governmental lands within the city boundaries that are random parking yards contributed to the mutilation of the city.

The failure of national-level planning led to the deteriorating condition of Kuwait City and the random transformation of its land uses and densities. While the local market expanded and consumption multiplied, the market did not provide venues to absorb the expansion. The market also imposed a reorganization of the city. We saw the building of various highrise towers and multiple shopping malls, leading to wider roads and bigger multi-story car parking buildings. All this damaged the urban fabric and defected the city.

To develop the city, we need a comprehensive vision for the state, allocating the necessary resources and overcoming all obstacles. And the deployment of teams of specialized and competent members. Further, because it’s Kuwait city, the wounded capital, it has to be treated.

The Corona pandemic brought to the surface a set of problems that Kuwait suffers from in various administrative, economic, social, and other fields. Perhaps one of the topics that has been the most discussed is the issue of demographics and the need to adjust them.

One side effect of the unbalanced demographics of Kuwait is the housing of low-income expats. Due to caution directed toward the spread of infection, focus was placed on areas with a high concentration of labuorers, like Jleeb Al-Shuyoukh, Khaitan, and Bneid Al-Qar, among others. This increased the demand for the reduction of the number of expats as well as speeding up the creation of Labour Cities.

The Labour Cities concept is entirely unwise and necessarily leads to other problems. If it is considered as one of the alternative solutions, it will definitely lead to other complications that add to the problem of demographic imbalance. The magnitude of the problems related to the housing of foreign workers is obvious. Moreover, the Labour Cities solution may seem self-evident, but it is not necessarily the best or only choice.

This paper aims to make the case against the execution of Labour Cities projects and provide an alternative method to accommodate all expat workers within the metropolitan area.

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We are facing an unprecedented global crisis. COVID-19 has greatly impacted all sectors and will undoubtedly affect our future in an unforeseen way. As such, it is wise to distill some lessons from this pandemic; we have to reassess our lifestyle and plan to make serious societal as well as structural changes on an individual and government level.

We must undertake a thorough review of our urban paradigms and sprawl that we have become accustomed to during the last fifty years. As individuals, we should examine our consumption habits and specifically evaluate the form of our dream home.

Below, we outline a list of aspects that must be considered in the design of houses post-pandemic.

Minimalism:

This pandemic exposed a scarcity in resources and taught harsh lessons on saving and conservation. Thus, we must seek to achieve minimalist designs that reduce, lower, and remove — rather than add. As we move forward, our core value should be that true beauty is in simplicity and that less is more.

Small:

We must reconsider the size of our homes and seek to find satisfaction with our actual needs. It is crucial to build what fits our daily lifestyle and view the house as a means of comfort — not as a consumption item used to express social status. We should realize that the small house is a necessity to save resources and lower our energy consumption.

Privacy:

It is known that privacy is one of the characteristics of Islamic and Arabic architecture. However, this quality was gradually lost. During long hours and days of curfew, we began to realize the importance of this unique architectural trait. And now, privacy should be valued for all residents as a major source of comfort in the home.

Exterior Space:

The curfew showed us the importance of enjoying the outdoors. We thought that our equipped homes with all its furnishings and amenities can substitute the need for outdoor spaces. Homeowners previously believed that any suggestion for a setback, courtyard, garden, or balcony were merely a waste of space and signs of design inefficiency. Hopefully, the experience of the curfew will push us to integrate outdoor spaces within our homes and increase the value of gardens, yards, balconies, and roof gardens.

Healthy Materials:

This pandemic also spotlights many neglected health measures. Today, we recognize the importance of the selection of building and finishing materials. A wise selection of materials makes our homes healthier, as we learned that we need to use anti-bacteria materials and easily cleaned surfaces.

Space Program:

The curfew illustrated the importance of the design of our homes and the creation of a balanced space program. We saw that many areas in our homes were unnecessary and other needs are neglected. Maybe we have exaggerated the allocation of large areas for guest and reception rooms. We witnessed the need for important spaces for storage, kitchen, home gym, home office, and others.

Also, more care must be given to the design of entryways to create a buffer zone that breaks the outdoor from the indoor and helps to keep infections out from the living space.

Energy Conservation:

A long time ago, many architects called for the importance of green buildings and environmentally friendly designs that respect the local setting. These practices were not popular, maybe due to the low cost of energy in the GCC countries. However, after an increased possibility of power shortages — especially during the summer months and stoppage of transportation — tourism and the yearly travel of hundreds of thousands of expats currently place us in a great and unfamiliar test.

Today, we are obliged to reconsider the designs of our homes and follow passive architectural techniques, placing more attention on insulation, restraint from using glass facades, employing modern technology to conserve energy, applying alternative energy tools, and considering the recycling of water whenever possible.

Security:

Obstacles brought on by this pandemic will occur in phases, and we are posed with various challenges — some concerned with safety and security. This will lead us to design our home with high security awareness. More attention will be given to the design of doors and windows. More homes will be equipped with surveillance, alarm, and communication systems.

Finally, these are rough ideas and under development. It is likely that the upcoming days will reveal more inspirations that will help us to adapt better with our circumstances.

We will overcome this crisis, but more importantly, gain lessons and insights from this outstanding experience and emerge from it more aware about ourselves, architectural context, and the environment.

إن الأزمة التي نعيشها اليوم استثنائية، وعالمية، وذات آثار كبيرة، حيث أثرت على كافة القطاعات، وسيكون لها نتائج كبيرة على مستقبلنا. لذلك، من الحكمة أن لا يمر هذا الحدث دون أن نستفيد منه، فعلينا أن نقيّم أسلوب حياتنا، وأن نخطط لإجراء تغييرات جذرية في جوانب عديدة اعتدنا عليها سواءً كنا أفراداً أم حكومات.

ولعل أحد أهم هذه النواحي هو إعادة النظر في نماذجنا العمرانية وأسلوب التمدد الحضري الذي اعتدنا عليه خلال الخمسين سنة الماضية. وكأفراد، ربما علينا إعادة النظر في عاداتنا الاستهلاكية بشكل عام، ومراجعة شكل المسكن الذي دأبنا نحلم به.

وفيما يلي نسرد بعض الجوانب التي يجب علينا أن نغيرها في منازلنا بعد جائحة الكورونا:

• البساطة:

تعلمنا الأزمة الاقتصاد والتوفير. لذلك، علينا أن نسعى إلى تحقيق التصاميم البسيطة التي تقلل ولا تزيد، وتخفض ولا ترفع، وتلغي ولا تضيف، وأن نقتنع فعلاً بأن الجمال في البساطة، والأقل هو الأكثر.

• حجم المنازل:  

علينا أن نعيد النظر في أحجام منازلنا، وأن نكتفي بحاجتنا الحقيقة، وأن نبني ما يلبي أسلوب حياتنا اليومي فقط. ويجب أن ننظر إلى المنزل كوسيلة راحة لنا وليس كمنتج استهلاكي للتفاخر الاجتماعي، وأن ندرك أن المنزل الصغير أضحى ضرورة لتوفير الموارد، واستهلاك الطاقة والماء.

• الخصوصية:  

كنا نردد دوماً أن الخصوصية هي جوهر العمارة الإسلامية والعربية. ولكن في الواقع، وتدريجياً، خسرت منازلنا الكثير من خصائصها. ومع ساعات الحظر الطويلة، بدأنا ندرك أهمية هذا التوجه الفريد في التصميم، وحاجة الأفراد بمختلف أعمارهم وفئاتهم للخصوصية لما لها من دور أساسي في رفع مستوى الراحة.

• البيئة الخارجية:  

أظهرت أيام الحظر وفتراته الطويلة لنا مدى حاجة الإنسان للاستمتاع بالبيئة الخارجية، وكنا نظن أن منازلنا وما تحويه من وسائل راحة حديثة تغنينا عن الحاجة عن الفراغ الخارجي. بالإضافة إلى ذلك، كان المُلاك يعتقدون أن أي فناء أو ارتداد أو شرفة ما هو إلا إهدار للمساحة وهدر في كفاءة التصميم، إلا أن ظروف الحظر ستدفعنا للاهتمام أكثر بتوفير فناء خارجي، وحديقة، وإضافة الشرفات، واستغلال الأسطح بشكل أفضل.

• المواد الصحية:

نبهتنا جائحة كورونا لجوانب صحية كثيرة كنا نغفلها ولا نوليها أي اهتمام. واليوم أدركنا أهمية اختيار مواد البناء والتشطيب. إن الاختيار المناسب للمواد يجعل مساكننا أكثر أمناً. ولقد أدركنا أهمية استخدام أسطح قابلة للتنظيف ومقاومة للجراثيم، وأن نختار مواد الأرضيات، والجدران، والأثاث بعناية.

• البرنامج المساحي:

نبهنا الحظر والأيام التي نقضيها في المنزل لإعادة النظر في توزيع مساحات مساكننا. ولعلنا أدركنا الآن أن هناك مساحات لم تكن ضرورية، في حين برزت مساحات أخرى أكثر أهمية. ربما نكون بالغنا في مساحة غرف الاستقبال والضيافة، ولمسنا الحاجة لفراغات أكثر أهمية كالمخازن، وغرف التمارين الرياضية، والمكتب، والمكتبة، وغيرها. ويجب أن ننتبه أيضاً إلى تصميم مداخل المنزل، والحرص على إنشائها بحيث تخلق فراغاً يفصل الخارج عن الداخل، ويحول دون دخول الجراثيم.

• توفير الطاقة:

منذ فترة من الزمن، دعا الكثير من المعماريين إلى ضرورة الاهتمام بالمباني الخضراء والتصاميم التي تراعي البيئة المحلية، إلا أنها لم تلق قبول العامة، لاسيما في ظل الأسعار المتدنية لاستهلاك الكهرباء والماء في دول الخليج العربي. ولكن، بعد ظهور الوباء، وبروز أخطار مرتبطة باحتمالات تأثر محطات توليد الطاقة، والزيادة المرتقبة على الاستهلاك في موسم الصيف، خاصة مع توقف حركة النقل والسياحة، وعدم سفر المقيمين بشكل موسمي، الأمر الذي سيضعنا أمام اختبار غير مألوف.

اليوم أصبح لزاماً علينا أن نعيد النظر في تصميم منازلنا، وأن نتبع معايير التصميم السلبي (Passive)، وأن نهتم أكثر بالعزل الحراري، ونقلل من استخدام الواجهات الزجاجية، وأن نوظف وسائل التقنية الحديثة لكي نوفر الطاقة. وربما نستخدم أجهزة الطاقة البديلة ووسائل إعادة تدوير المياه ما أمكن ذلك.

• الأمن:

إن هذه الأزمة تمر في مراحل، وأحياناً تبرز معها تحديات متعلقة بالأمن والسلامة، وهذا يجب أن يدفعنا إلى مراعاة الجوانب الأمنية عند تصميم وبناء منازلنا، مثل: الحرص على تصميم الأبواب، والنوافذ، والأسوار، وتزويد منازلنا بوسائل التقنية، مثل: أجهزة المراقبة، والإنذار، والاتصال، وغيرها.

وختاماً، هذه أفكار مازالت تحت الإعداد والتطوير، ولعل الأيام القادمة – في ظل الجائحة – تكشف لنا مزيداً من الإلهام. وسنتجاوز الأزمة قريباً بإذن الله، لكن الأهم أن نكون قد استفدنا من هذه الأزمة الدروس والعبر، وأن نخرج منها أكثر وعياً بذواتنا، ومحيطنا، وبيئتنا.